Describe what are the phases of production, for the YouTube videos you discussed in Blog 3, p. 15. Using the logic make or buy decide which phases externalize.
"How is made cheese?" There are 4 main steps that are shown in the video.They choose the kind of milk is used ,then the first step is the method of curdling milk,draining and pressing are simply ways that eliminate more whey, then there comes the method of cutting and forming the curd, during the ripening process cheeses take on their unique flavor and texture, the amount of salt and and seasonings added. Afterwads they get their shapes and being packed. This process of production is absolutely manageable inside the factory depending on the machineries that it has without externalizing any other phases. The key factor in making the cheese as it is shown in the video is to get the right kind of milk.
"How is made gasoline?" There are different phases. 1)Find the area where probably there is oil 2) Extraction process through we can get crude oil. 3) Pipeline transports crude oil the refinery 4) The oil is analyzed 5) Through different processes crude oil become gasoline 6) Trucks bring the gasoline to the sellers
I don't know if it is a good Idea to externalize something. In the video the company (exxon) owns everything, from the gusher to the sellers, in this way you do not have buyers and suppliers so important to endanger your company.
-The distillery workers put the ingredients into a copper still -They pump highly concentrated alcohol made from white grapes into the still -The still remains closed overnight (maceration process) -The still gets heated with pressurized steam (distillation process) -Distilled spirit gets diluted with water to reduce the alcohol percentage -A sample from each batch gets tested to verify the alcohol content -Absinthe gets bottled in glass bottles and stored -The distillery sends the absinthe to the sellers
I actually wouldn't externalize not even one of the phases because it would probably cost more to buy than to make any one of the production phases.
"How is made Nutella" PRINCIPAL PHASES OF PRODUCTION 1. Cocoa harvested from Cocoa trees 2. Cocoa imported from Ivory coast principally in european factories 3. Cocoa mixed up with water,passed throught presses, liquid butter added 4. Created desks of chocolate (every desk weighs 7 kilos) throught a specific processes 5. Nuts (only the best) cleared and roasted before they can join chocolate 6. addiction of vanilla,milk and other chemical ingredients to conserve the cream of chocolate 7. other machineries create glass contenitor for products where employees glue the tag 8. Tins of Nutella are bring in markets where customers can sell them
1st) the Cocoa has to be harvested from the trees; 2nd) the cocoa beans are spread out to dry in the tropical sun for 10 days; 3rd) the cocoa beans are now transported into factories all over the world; 4th) the cocoa beans are brought in the roasting ovens; 5th) the cocoa butter needs to be removed and what remains is a disk of pure compressed cocoa; 6th) hazelnuts are cleaned and roasted; 7th) hazelnuts are joined by the pure cocoa powder, sugar, vanilla and skimmed milk, obtaining Nutella; 8th) the chocolate spread is put into the jars.
In my opinion some phases are already externalized, in fact from phase 1 to 3 everything is done in other countries (as the Ivory Coast) from other companies. This is because it's not possible to grow cocoa trees in the european climate (not tropical). The other phases has not to be externalized because everything can be done with the machineries of the factory itself and other externalizations would be only more expensive.
In blog 3 I discussed "How is made: hot-dogs". Here, the phases of production are: the put together and grinding of all the trimmings, its seasoning and the pureeing of this meat; then it is put in a machinery that cut the puree in the standard length of hot-dogs; after that, the hot-dogs are baked and then salted thanks to salted water; once cooked, the black stripes are removed from the dogs and they are prepared for packaging; eventually the hot-dogs are packed and ready to be sold. In this case, the externalized phases are: the supplying of the meat and of the flavorings.
Then, I had discussed the “How is made Lego”, where the phases of production are: the collection of tiny pieces of plastic; then, machines shape them in the different forms and colors; after that, an automated car collect the full boxes and take them in the storage hall; eventually, many designers have to think to new combinations of bricks. In this other case, the phase that is externalized is just the proper making of plastic.
- intake pipe that pumps water in the industries -flows throw a pumping station -giant screening removes grass and fishes -chemical element carbon , called activated carbon absorbs contaminates -series of mixing tanks -aluminum sulphate substance forms ''flocks'' batteries stick from this flocks -5 pipes inject the water the so-called ''micro-sand'' -polymer conniver the sand making it sticky -passes throw a type of coal and layer of sand - they add 1.9 chorine per liter of water -silicate to prevent calcium blocking our water pipes -inspectors monitor water supplies for security -chorine gas toxic used -electric motors pumps the water -employees
In this case i won't externalize anything because the production of drinkable water has to be follow step by step from the same company. It would be impossible to attribute half or parts of the process to other industries. I think it will be just more expensive and useless.
How is made hot dogs: in this video the phases in making the hot dog is: 1. choosing the type of meat and cut it. 2. adding flavors spices and other ingredients. 3. the machine purees the meat and vacuums the air out. 4. cellophane is been loaded in the machine in order to shape and wrap the meat. 5. the meat is being stuffed into the pipes. 6. the hot dogs chains is being linked to other chains of hot dogs in order to create bigger chains. 7. the hot dogs is being transferred to a smoke liquid shower. 8. the hot dogs is being cooked in the cooking zone. 9. the hot dogs is being washed in a cold salty water in order to chill them before wrapping. 10. the hot dog is being peeled by a peeling machine. 11. the hot dogs Is being inspected by inspector that they are without flaws. 12. the hot dogs is being wrapped.
the externalizes phases in this video it was the meat cutting and the inspecting part.
"How is made honey" 1 bees produce honey; 2 bees keepers pick up honey; 3 a machinery divides honey from the contenitor; 4 another machiney cleans and fills the honey pots; 5 the honey pots are brought in the shops. I would keep the entire production inside the company because otherwise it wouldn’t be convenient. It is not a complex production and it requires a few and simple things.
How it's made - clothespins: 1. Logs are sliced by an automated band saw 2. Planks air-dry for 7 months 3. Planks go into a kiln for 4 weeks, to bring the moisture level down 4. Blocks are fitted into a cutting machine so that produces thin pieces of wood 5. Pieces are selected by workers 6. An automated milling machine shapes off a clothespin clip on the front and a notch in the back 7. Assembly time
In order to speed up the process of production, the firm should buy planks of wood already manufactored and ready to be fitted into the cutting machine.
The phases of production of the wine are: 1) collect grapes 2) press grapes in order to obtain the juice 3) fermentation (transforming sugar into alcohol) 4) wait 10 days for the red wine, 3 weeks for the white one. 5) bottle the wine I'm not going to externalize even one phases because all of them are extremely fast and simple.
How is made olives oil 1) a machinery takes the olives from olive's plants 2) olives are washed and selected by grates 3) a big stone presses the olives 4) this olive paste goes to silos in high temperature 5) experts decide if the taste is good 6) the oil goes in glass bottles and distributed in the market.
How is made tabasco 1) Company has pepper fields in Louisiana and South America. Workers grow and collect pepper. 2) The factory grinds peper and mix it with salt 3) Mash goes to whiskey barrels 4) Workers seal the barrels and spread a layer of salt over the top 5) Barrels go to warehouse, where mash ferments for 3 years 6) After 3 years fermentation workers break up the salt and open the barrels 7) Pump it to large mixing tanks, add vinegar and churn for 3-4 weeks 8) two stage milling process the first male extacts the pepper pulp the second male removes the seats 9) The quality control department analyze the samples from every batch of sauce for viscosity ph salt level and other criteria 10) Pumped to the bottling line I think, that all phases are necessary, because this is the hand made product, which has it quite long history.
How is made pasta 1)selection of first material 2)first materials (eggs,flour,water) in the kneader 3)it's given the form of pasta 4)dehydratation of pasta (with specific temperatures) 5)colling 6)packaging 7)distribution in market (every phase is controlled by workers to assicure the good quality)
There are seven main steps of the production of pencils for this production company.
1.Firstly the cedar wood comes in pre-cut panels, but the first step is to curve channels down the panels which will then be filled with graphite. 2.The channels are filled with glue. 3.Step 3 is divided into two categories: 3.1.Half of the panels get loaded with graphite. 3.2.The other half gets flipped over and sided over the previously mentioned graphite filled panels. 4.Now the panels are compressed together while the glue dries. 5.Next the panels are sliced into pencils. 5.1.In a sub step a sample of the product is tested to measure if it is up to standards. 6.The pencils are then coated in paint, in this case it takes four coats. 7.The last step equips the pencils with rubber erasers and sharpens them into the correct shape.
I would not externalize any of the steps, with all the above mentioned machinery they work best if they are in the same location; it is not a complex production. The only step worth externalizing has already been done so, the cedar wood comes pre-cut in panels, which makes the whole production faster. Externalizing more factors would be useless and arguably more expensive.
In blog 3 i discussed car making process. It can be divided into 3 main phases of production which are basically the development, production of technology and practical production. The development consists of the planning and the reviewing of former cars concept that is followed by a visual and technical design. The final part is the testing process through prototypes, simulations and experiments. The next phase is fundamental because high-level production technology are needed and also productivity reviews and process plannig. The last practical phase can be divided into 6 parts: the pressing of steel sheets, welding of them in order to build the body of the car, painting process, resin molding, assembly of all parts including interior components, electrical wiring, engine and tires. The process finishes when car are subjected to a rigorous inspection in order to test its efficiency.
How is made pencil: -Find adequate wood(cider from California) -Cut the wood in small slats -Divide each slat in parts of the same dimension that will become pencils -The machinery puts some glue on the slats to make them more elastic -Half of the slats passes on another machinery that inserts the lead into the pencils -The two sequences of slat are put one over the other -The slats are compressed for one hour -A machinery shapes the pencils and divides them -Each pencil is sharpened and the quality of the lead is checked -The pencils passes through a machine which gives them the yellow and black color -The pencils are marked with the Company's name -The rubber is assembled on the pencils -European pencils are painted with other colors that indicates their solidity
How its made "Surfboard" 1 An artisan builds the woody body of the board 2 A second specialist works on the coating and coloring 3 A third specialist realizes the fin hole 4 A last forth specialist polishes the entire board and makes sure it's ready to ship
I think that this building system is pretty efficient as it is, but if the surfboard producer could find a big company that focuses only on wood shaping, and could arrange an agreement to make them build the body of the board through machines instead of paying for an artisan, it could turn out to be a huge money saving.
"How is made frozen fruit?" This production of frozen fruit is articulated in different steps: 1) the picking of the fruit (example: strawberries) by hand 2) a bath in fresh water with a moving filter 3) a shower of clean rinsed water 4) the sterilization of strawberries 5) the picking out and discard of any bruise 6) the strawberries are passed through a freezing tunnel at -34 F, where the Ammonia liquid is used.
If I was a frozen fruit company's director, I would buy advanced machines, able to pick the fruit more quickly, instead of paying employees to do the same thing by hand, wasting a lot of time.
How is made books: There are large sheets of paper, each containing several consecutive pages of the book . A worker positions each sheet in a machine that cut this papers The sheets pass through a machine called 'Folder' which folds each sheet into a book size with the pages in a right order The machine starts perforating the fold line Each paper rolls in another machines until they hit a stopper which alines the perforations between two rollers The rollers pull the pages down pressing each fold Another machine assembles the folder in the right order These folders are attached together with the cover
I don't think that externalizing some processes would be the right way to improve the efficiency of the production. The processes are all strictly connected to each other and it's an extremely fast process, that's why in my opinion, an externalization would be only more expensive and unnecessary.
How is made books: There are large sheets of paper, each containing several consecutive pages of the book . A worker positions each sheet in a machine that cut this papers The sheets pass through a machine called 'Folder' which folds each sheet into a book size with the pages in a right order The machine starts perforating the fold line Each paper rolls in another machines until they hit a stopper which alines the perforations between two rollers The rollers pull the pages down pressing each fold Another machine assembles the folder in the right order These folders are attached together with the cover
I don't think that externalizing some processes would be the right way to improve the efficiency of the production. The processes are all strictly connected to each other and it's an extremely fast process, that's why in my opinion, an externalization would be only more expensive and unnecessary.
"HOW IT'S MADE - Apple Juice” 1. Decided from witch kind of apple produce the juice 2. Find a location to the Factory where the kind of apples will be available 3. Select the other materials for the apple juice (sugar, water and so on) 4. The process in the factory to clean the apples 5. The process to get the apple juice 6. Decided in witch kind of battle to put the Pinal juice 7. Deliver the juice to the stores
I wouldn't externalize the phases because it would cost more money and make the process more difficult.
1- The sheets of galvanized steel are blasted with acid and powerful fans dry them off. 2- The sheets are painted with a type of acrylic enamel with a mineral formulation added. 3- Sheets go into an oven then a strong fan cools them off. 4- A worker sprays contact cement on the back of the sheets. 5- Workers assemble the sheets of galvanized steel with a fiberboard. 6- A long strip of aluminium moliding makes the blackboard frame. 7- Workers polish any sharp edges left by the cutting. 8- Workers fasten the frame using rivets or screws, then they attach an aluminium rail along the bottom.
I wouldn't externalize any phase because I think that the process can't be made more cheaper.
Phases of production of: Pasta -Water and semolina flour (eggs or other ingredients are sometimes added for taste) are mixed in the mixing machine. - The mix goes to the vacuum mixing machine, to continue the process. - The mix, depending on the final shape of the pasta produced, is transferred into machines for shapes (butterflies, lasagne, spaghetti, fusilli…). -Pasta is placed into a drying tank. - Water and moisture are added to complete the product. - Pasta is aligned. - Pasta is packaged and ready to be sold.
It think is almost impossible to outsource any phase, because this is not an assembly process. Probably everything must be done inside, and this is the cheapest and most qualitative option. The only process which is externalizable is the packaging. Maybe a company specialised in this kind of processes can be more efficient, but many factors have to be considered: the transport of pasta, the quality, the waste of time and so on.
- 14 Silos of different colors pipes up the tiny granules of plastic to melt down and molding them into several toy-shapes. - A thousand machines making the bricks 24 hours a day - The machines smelled the granules a 232 C shaking cool down and then spitting them out into the containers below - When the container is full a robotic car collect and takes it to the stew - In the vast hall another automated system takes each crate which specified shelf - The machine spits out 15000 heads and bodies - A rubber stamp paints heads and bodies in different ways - The bodies are made and painted just like the hedge - Then when a cam responses a wrong assembly between head and body of the toy the body is ejected by a plaster to come round again - Finally bodies and heads are attached to get a complete lego tiny figure - Up and another part of the factory a designer has got the job thinking up yet another new way to put breaks together . The boffins have worked on an avereage of 900 millions of combinations - With a computer which guides the outline, specified designers complete the creation-process in huge warehouses
1.Big cars sow wheath, then harvest when it is ready, 2.Production of flour, 3.Mixing flour, water, yeast and other enzymes, 4.Lifting and separating the dough into pieces 5.Baking bread 6.Cutting and packaging
How is made hot dogs Special selected trimmings are cut and ground into small pieces and put into the mixer. Formulas are continuously weighed to assure proper balance of all ingredients A high-speed, stainless steel chopper blends meat, spices and curing ingredients into an emulsion or batter. The emulsion is pumped and fed into a stuffer. Shirred strands of cellulose casings are mechanically positioned on the stuffing horn. As the emulsion flows through the horn into the casing, the filled strands are linked into hot dogs of exact size. The strand is then put on the smokehouse conveyor system. In smokehouses, under controlled temperature and humidity, the hot dog is fully cooked and hard-wood smoked for texture, color and a delicious flavor. After passing through the smoke and cook cycle, and being showered in cool water, the hot dog goes into the peeler. Here the protective, air and smoke-permeable cellulose casing "skin" is stripped away and individual links are conveyed to the packaging line. Finally, the hot dog is conveyed to scales which divert off-weight franks, and is then fed into the vacuum packaging equipment. Here, individual packages of exact number and precise weight are wrapped and vacuum sealed in plastic film to protect the freshness and flavor of the hot dog. Once packaged and boxed, hot dogs are moved to storage coolers and loaded on refrigerated trucks for delivery. The entire process, from cut trimmings to the consumer's table is often measured in a matter of hours. From beginning to end, the hot dog is carefully inspected by federal officials according to strict federal standards of quality and sanitation. Externalised something like meets & flavours quantity and pakeging quality.
How to make a honey? -land (we cant make it because it is a natural capital) -bees (we cant make it because it is a natural capital) -hives (we make it because the cost must be cheaper then buy in long term) -uncapping machine (in this case, we only need a few of machine for uncapping honey, so we buy a machine from other industry) - worker with skill (we will buy in a labor market )
How it's made gold 1) mining, drilling and blasting to get the ore 2) transporting the ore 3) purifying the ore for the first time 4) mixing the ore with other chemical elements 5) separating the pure part of the ore from the impure part
I would externalize the phase of transport of the ore, because I think it is the only phase which is convenient to assign to other entities that deal specifically with transport of materials.
How is made baseball: - the pills (made up of spheres of cork) are poured with latex adhesive and loaded into a drum - rollers spin the drum to cover the pills with adhesive - machines wind 4 layers of wool around the pills - employees weigh them and measure their circumferences - the balls and the adhesive are put into a drum so that the wound fibers adhere to each other - a press creates shapes from leather complete with holes, date and number - the forms are wrapped in wet towels - onto one side of the cut-outs a machine rolls the adhesive - two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball - the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball - a press smooths down the seams . a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
The business is carried out in the internal azienda, from the purchase of the pills to the complete creation of the balls, so as to create quality and good products. I would not externalize any phase of production, for it would be inconvenient and uselessly expensive.
- mix the gum base with colour, flavour and syrup. - transfer the mix on rollers which will squeeze the paste - make it at the size of a bubble gum - heat it to avoid it sticking to the roller - cool it down and wrap it - pack it
In the video it is not mentioned if the company produces the gum base, so probably it doesn't make it. In my opinion the company should consider making it by its own because it is the main ingredient and they would save a lot of money producing it. Instead I think the company should give the duty to deliver the products to a specialized firm.
How is made Pasta: - mix semolina and water - choose the type of pasta - put the mix inside the machine - if needed, cut the pasta to make some simpler form - if needes, dry the pasta - divided in pack
In the video they don't give us the answer but we can suppose that they (rightly in my opinion) use the make logic.
How is made Pasta: - mix semolina and water - choose the type of pasta - put the mix inside the machine - if needed, cut the pasta to make some simpler form - if needes, dry the pasta - divided in pack
In the video they don't give us the answer but we can suppose that they (rightly in my opinion) use the make logic.
How is made german beer. -The barley is gathered separetely from the grain. -Barley is mixed with water at 15°C (germination) -The barley starts growing -After six days it is dried (melted barley) -Melted barley is mixed again with water -The sugar chain must be broken by enzymes -The beer is passed in another tank -The barley have to leaven -Hops and yeast are added -The beer is let for four weeks at 2°C -Beer is poured into bottles -it is ready to be drunk!
How is made chewing gum: -Gum base is poured into a mixer -Colour and flavour is added -Liquid sweeterner is added -Extra powder sweeterner is added -The dow is heated up and blended until necessary -A machine squeezes it into a long, thin strip -The product is cooled down in the cooling chamber -A machine simultaneously cut the strip into bite-size pieces and wrap it
I would externalize the phase that customize the wraping paper, thus buying sealing packages already done and ready to be used, to faster the process of chewing gum making.
how is made a computer stages of production: 1) acquisition of raw materials 2) assembly hardware 3) processing software 4) packaging and distribution Maybe the assembly process could be externalise (finding a good assemblator at a convenient price) saving money on wages, machineries and making the production faster. (+efficiency)
How it's made-Wigs. 1)Measuring the client's head in all angles preparing a cellophane cast. 2)Placing the cast on a wig block and attaching blue paper and fine lace on it . 3)Dragging fake and real hair energetically through the hackle. 4)Placing combed hair in between holding cards. 5)Knot hair with needle in lace (phase also known as “ventilating”). 6)Styling the wig wore by the client. No phases are externalized and should be, since the process consists in accurate and precise passages that are possible thanks to professional workers, such as wig-masters.
How is made handmade paper? This process is based on various steps:
1. Accumulate raw materials (mainly natural fibers). 2. Put the raw materials in the machine that wraps them up into small pieces. 3. “Feeding the rack”: put all the row materials in a sort of pool fill of water. 4. Leave the row materials in the water for eight hours. 5. Add colorful scraps of paper tho create a decorative pattern. 6. Make a sheet of paper by plunging a wooden mold into the palm oil. 7. Place the mold face down and let the sheet of paper dry. 8. Press together (for several times and with different machines) at least three sheets of paper.
I think it's better not to outsource any phase of production because all of them all closely linked. For instance, the “paper” that comes out of the pool would be too wet to be transported to another company. Furthermore all the steps must be carried out by experts and in a short time in order to obtain the desired quality of products.
All beers are brewed using a process based on a simple formula. Key to the beer making process is malted grain, depending on the region traditionally barley, wheat or sometimes rye.
1) Malting- Malt is made by allowing a grain to germinate 2) Brewing- This serves to dissolve the starchy and proteinic matter in the malt. 3) It is heated progressively in stages. Each temperature corresponds to the optimum action of an enzyme. 4) Fermentation- Yeast is added to the wort, once it has cooled, and the fermentable sugars that dissolved during the brewing process are transformed into alcohol and carbon dioxide. After about a week this fermentation is finished. There are two main categories of beer here, “bottom-fermentation yeast” beers, which are fermented at a low temperature (8 to 12°C) with a yeast that sinks to the bottom of the beer, and “top-fermentation yeast” beers, fermented at 15 to 25°C, with a yeast which rises to the surface of the beer after fermentation. 5) Bottling- After these processes, the beer is ready to be bottled.
1)Remove honey frames from the hive 2)Set up the garage equipmentsale 3)Uncapping the frames with hot knife. 4)Spinning the frames 5)First the filer then the jar 6)Melting the wax many could be under solar or any you prefer
1)Remove honey frames from the hive 2)Set up the garage equipmentsale 3)Uncapping the frames with hot knife. 4)Spinning the frames 5)First the filer then the jar 6)Melting the wax many could be under solar or any you prefer
MOVABLE FIELD IRRIGATION SYSTEM 1) To design the movable structure for the field that will be irrigated 2) Transform high flat strings steel into a pipe sprinkler system 3) The steel from flat becomes cylindrical passing trough rollers 4) Automated welding torch will close the gap of the cylindrical steel 5) An automated machine will cut the pipe in a specific section 6) An employee will assemble the sprinklers that will be fixed on the pipe 7) The employees will finally arrange the sprinkler system on the field in the correct configuration and set up the structure component beside it. 8) Then they start assembling the huge sprinkler system connecting also the electrical system. 9) Finally they roll the wheels on the structure and now is possible to pump the water. All the production phases must be done in the same structure keeping the high quality product of the firm, just the steel will come from an externalized company.
How is made bowling balls https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjxkurtzVx0
1- create the mixture for the nucleus 2-pipe the mixture in the models and let them solidify 3- the cores are put in second models, which are more uniform spheres 4- a mixture of liquid polymer is poured into second models 5- a lift system delivers the balls to a sanding operation. 6- Holes for fingers are the end realized.
How is made nuts -Shields and skins are removed -Dry-roast only the seeds -Roasted them in the tumbler -Nuts are spread with a liquid seeds mixer -Spreading the peanuts in a thin layer where they roast -Breaking up any clamps -combining nuts with fruit -passing in a metal detector -packaging them I think it is better not to externalize any phases because they all imply the use of specialize machineries.
The productive process of how is made hot dog consist of many phases: 1) Choose kind of meat and cut them 2 Add flavors spices and other ingredients mixing all together 3 Machinaries pure the ingredients 4 Meat is wrapped with cellophane and stuffed into the pipes 5 hot dogs are linked to other ones creating a chain 6 Hot dogs are transferred in a liquid shower 7 They were cooked 8. They were washed in a salty water 9 they were peeled 10 Inspection of the hot dogs 11 Being wrapped
The externalize phase is the inspection of the hot dogs.
1) Legos pass through huge silos that pipes up the granules to be melted down. 2) granules are modeled into bricks and then built into a lot of different forms. 3) machines smelled the granules a 232 degree Celsius,shake them, cool them down and then spit them out into the containers below. 4) the container is full robotic car collected and it takes it to the stew. 5) in the vast hall another automated system takes each create to a specified shelf. 6) in another part of the fabric a designer has got the job of thinking how bricks can be put together in new ways.
Actually in Lego there isn't the need of externalize something that has not already been externalized. Designers do not always work inside the same fabric in which Legos are produced. For what concerns the other steps of the producing process it would not be a good idea because of the close link between each others.
There are several phases to produce honey starting from collection phase to reach the end consumer. They are:
Step 1- A smoker with dry leaves are loaded and lighted. Bellows are pumped and the lied are closed to continue to pump until the nuzzle starts blowing smoke. Step 2 Beekeeping suit are put on to covers all exposed skin. Head is covered with beevail. Step 3 The cover from the beehives top box are removed and smokes are blown on the bees pumping bellows. Workers use hive tool to remove the inner cover more if necessary
Step 4 prior to frame from the super with the hive tool if a wax layer is seen that completely enclose the honeycomb in the frame its capped it is considered as ready to harvest
Step 5 They carefully take a frame out, gently shake and use the brush to remove the rest of the bee. The collected in a box and covered. The collected frames that are ready to be harvested are taken to another location to extract the honey to prevent bees coming to the place again.
Step 6 plugging the on capping tool and run over one side of the frame to remove the layer of wax covering the honey. Once one side of the frame is bent on capped it is turned over on cap. The other side to strain the honey from the camps is put on a honey filter to allow slow draining out into a collections bucket
Step 7 The frames are placed in an extractor and the extractor spin them until the honey collects at the bottom of the extractor. The valve at the bottom of the extractor are opened and run the honey through a strainer or honey filter to remove wax and debris
Step 8 The freshly filtered honey are left to sit for a day and a cover collection bucket to allow air bubbles to escape and additional debris to separate. Then the honey finally is put into bottle and jar to reach the consumer.
How are made fireworks: phase 1 extraction of the black pouder from the field phase 2 manufacturing of the black pouder phase 3 pouder is inserted within special cases with other parts phase 4 once fireworks are ready they have to be packed to be ready for the selling
In my opinion the phase that should be externalized is the one that regard cases for fireworks that could be made by outside the firm.
"How It's Made German Beer" Phases of Productions: 1) Collect Barley (Externalize) 2) Mixing the barley with water 3) Germination 4) Take the melted barley and mix it with fresh water 5) Add the hops 6) Add the Yeast 7) Put the beer inside the bottles 8) Market Distribution (Externalize)
HOW IT'S MADE - Bubble gum: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB3st6SQnsk
- acquisition of ingredients (basic gum, colourants, flavourings, sugar syrup) - mixture of the ingredients - transformation of the mixture into strips - shaping of the strips - cutting and wrapping of gums in waxed papers - packaging I think that any of these phases should be externalized, since such a firm, bound to be a supplier, is ruled exactly in order to efficiently produce the whole final product, so as to avoid the necessity of external producers.
How is made Tabasco: 1. acquisition of Peppers,salt and vinegar 2. Pickers harvest the selected peppers 3. Workers check the peppers color with a red stick 4. Peppers are mixed with salt by workers 5. Workers put the mixture into the wood whisky barrels and seal it , putting other salt over the top 6. Three years of fermentation 7. Workers pump it into large mixing tanks adding vinegar and turning it for 3-4 weeks 8. First stage milling process is to extract the pepper pulp 9. Second stage milling process is to remove the seeds 10. Tasting test 11. Packaging of the tabasco sauce in the glass bottles Tabasco's company does not need to externalize , it has everything that is necessary to accomplish the production
How is made a lipstick -acquisition of all ingredients: oil,wax,pigments -pigment milling :choose the combination of pigments and mix them with oil -combination of pigment phase into base wax is simply done mixing those liquids in a steam- jacketed kettle equipped with one agitator -the liquid is heated and poured into vertical split molds -resulting lipsticks are cooled down and prepared for flaming -packaging and labeling the lipsticks -market distribution Any phases should be externalized since they require specific and precise steps .
How COLA is made: First of all the bottles get cleaned.This is done by jet streams and water.Coke is bottled using four different steps.Steps are being indicated below:
^Pure water is put in the bottle by a machine. ^After that, refined sugar is added to the mixture. ^Then,the sugar water gets the Coke's secret formula mixture and some caramel coloring. ^After everything is mixed together, carbon dioxide is added to the mix to make the drink fizz.
How is made wine. Stages of the wine making process:
-Harvesting, by hand or mechanical. (Externalised)
-Crushing and pressing Mechanical presses stomp the grapes into what is called must. Must is simply freshly pressed grape juice that contains the skins, seeds, and solids.
-Fermentation Must can begin fermenting naturally within 6-12 hours when aided with wild yeasts in the air.
-Clarification Is the process in which solids such as dead yeast cells, tannins, and proteins are removed. Wine is transferred into an oak barrel.
How is made ketchup - tomato paste arrives at the plant in huge bins - the factory quality control technician scoops sample for testing - workers slide the bin under a powerful air driven pump - the pump moves tomato paste to a large holding tank - tomato paste is transferred from the holding tank to a cooking cauldron - a mixer continuously revolves while all the ingredients are put inside - on the packaging line all the plastic bottles are filled and closed with a cup All the phases are necessary so I wouldn't externalize any of them.
How is made honey - all starts with the bees, which impollinate and then deposit the raw honey, then - the beekeepers take the honey combs inside the hive, then - the honey extraction process begins within the factory and produces both refined honey and bees' wax. I think that you could externalize the first 2 steps, in this way you can take raw material (raw honey, honeycombs...) and convert them into refined honey just processing it; obviously in this way you aren't still assured of the quality of the material but you could easily cut down the costs.
- meat leftovers are trimmed in a specific machinery - food starch, salt and ground mustard are added in the mix - water is added in the mix with corn syrup and then more water. - more flavors are added - hot dogs are dried and tied in long chains of hot dogs. - liquide smoke is added to add flavor - hot dogs are baked - hot dogs are packaged
none of this phases should be externalized, the entire production method is both very effective and efficient.
The main phases of production of these cookies are: -The making of the dough(cookies)where salt, baking soda, cornstarch, liquid basis, potassium sorbate, vegetable oil, glucose fructose are mixed. - The making of the marshmallow(not mentioned in the video) -Pouring of chocolate
I think if this company externalize the process of making the cookie, marshmallow or chocolate, the quality of the cookies will be different and the company will lose its control of production(e.g. amount of the ingredients, temperature of the oven...)
-made the shape of the bottle and they clean them with water - they prepare the drink with all the ingredients (sugar, colorants) and then they filter it - they remove air in the bottle and then they fill it with the drink (putting also a little of gas in it) - they seal with the cap - they paste the brand
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnkhjwQp0A HOW IS IT MADE FOOTBALL Phases of production:
1) sew of the football 2) turn the football right side out 3) put the bladder in the football to inflate it 4) lace the football 5) mold it to give it a perfect shape 6) inspectinons and tests to check if the football it's perfect 7) the football is sent to the NFL for the games
In Blog3 I discussed about "How it's made copy paper". These are its phases of production:
1. Finding the natural capital (wood) 2. Removing bark from the trunks 3. Burning the bark to produce steel 4. Reducing trunks into small pieces 5. Washing these small pieces to create a strange "paste" 6. Burning this paste 7. Removing water conteined in the paste 8. Cutting the paper produced
How its Made Copy Paper 1. Wood at the mill, paper is made from a paste. 2. Then they are chopped into kindling. 3. Then it is left outside and washed and turned into paste. 4. The kindling is cooked. 5. After cooking, chlorine dioxide is added to make it white. 6. The paste is broken up and the water is extracted. 7. Then the quality is controlled using machines. The paste (step 1) can be bought and the rest of the processes can be manufactured by paper factory.
The phases of production of making hot dogs are as follows: - First, they should buy all of the ingredients ( pork, beef, chicken, food starch, salt, flavouring, corn syrup, liquid smoke, cold -salty water ), hire workers, get machineries and the workshop. - Next, trimmings of beef chicken and pork are grounded by pushing the trimmings into greater metal plates. - After, processed chicken trimmings are added to the ground meat, followed by food starch, salt, and other flavourings. - Then, water is sprayed into the mix followed by corn syrup and even more water to make hot dogs juicer. - Another machine then converts the mix into a final motion. - Then, workers start loading long rolls of cellulose tubing into the stuffing machine giving shape and size to the hot dogs. - After, chains of hot dogs are attached to other chains to make longer strings and they are placed in the racks. In the racks the hot dogs pass inside smoke shower and cold salty water to prepare them for packaging. - Then, another machine pulls the strings and starts placing them in other containers sending them to other baskets cutting the black stripes meaning they are ready to be checked by an employee who supervises that hot dogs are perfectly shaped. - Finally, they pass through another machine that packages them and are ready to be sold.
"How is made acoustic guitar" (Blog 3) -Raw Material (wood) -cut the top into the guitar shape, leaving the piece of wood oversized until the final trimming.The soundhole is sawed, with slots carved around it for concentric circles that serve as decorative inlays around the soundhole. -Wood braces are next glued to the underside of the top piece -Construction of the sides consists of cutting and sanding the strips of wood to the proper length and thickness and then softening the wood in water. -Once the sides are joined and the end-blocks are in place, the top and the back are glued to the sides. -The neck is made from one piece of hard wood, typically mahogany or rosewood, carved to exact specifications. -Once the neck construction is completed, it is attached to the body -The tuning machine is next fitted to the guitar head. This machine is one of the most delicate parts of the guitar and is usually mounted on the back of the head. The pegs that hold each string poke through to the front, and the gears that turn both the pegs and the string-tightening keys are housed in metal casing.
The phase that should be externalize is the acquisition of raw material.
The productive process begins with oranges cultivation. When the fruit is mature, there is the harvest. following we have the transportation of oranges towards the factory. There, at first oranges are washed, then they are separated by size and finally they are squeezed out. when the OJ is ready, there is the imbottlement phase. After all these transformation processes, a team made of experts taste and smell the product to judge it. To decide which are the externalized phases, we must know who is the owner after the product has been imbottled. If the owner is the farmer, the externalized phases are all those regarding the trasformation of oranges into OJ and the imbottlement. If the owner is the factory the externalized phases are the cultivation, the harvest and maybe the transportation.
-inside the pills rubber casing is a sphere of cork the port latex adhesive -over hundreds of pills loaded into a drum in order to coat the pills with adhesive -a winding machine spins 4 layers of wool around pills -employees measure its circumference -they added he served to a spinning drum in order to adhere the weld fibers each other -they punch out figure 8 shapes from leather complete with holes around the periphery -the forms are wrapped in wet towels -the water based adhesive onto one side of the cut-outs which sticks to the moist leather -two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball - the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball - a press smooths down the seams -a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
I think that externalizing phases could be useless and to much expensive for the company.
-inside the pills rubber casing is a sphere of cork the port latex adhesive -over hundreds of pills loaded into a drum in order to coat the pills with adhesive -a winding machine spins 4 layers of wool around pills -employees measure its circumference -they added he served to a spinning drum in order to adhere the weld fibers each other -they punch out figure 8 shapes from leather complete with holes around the periphery -the forms are wrapped in wet towels -the water based adhesive onto one side of the cut-outs which sticks to the moist leather -two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball - the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball - a press smooths down the seams -a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
I think that externalizing phases could be useless and to much expensive for the company.
How it's made sugar: 1. The sugar beets are harvested through massive tractors and collected; 2. Beets are sent to be washed in the plants; 3. They are cut in little pieces by a machine; 4. Tons of these pieces go into a boiler that separates the useful parts from the useless ones, through water; 5. While leftovers are used for other purposes, the remaining water has to be cleaned from the elements that would ruin the final flavor, with a filter that conserves the water that will be refined; 6. The water passes through six boilers where it is refined more and more, until it reaches a brown color; 7. It is boiled again creating crystals within the liquid: the sugar 8. Sugar can be so collected and packaged.
I would not externalize any of these processes, because it would be useless and it would require other costs to do that.
How is made soap? 1.animal or vegetable fat reacts with hydroxide, a caustic substance, to create soap 2.addition of water to keep it fluid --> a steem bubbles up to the center to mix it all up and encourage the chemical reaction 3. the leftovers are put into a tank and re-used in the next batch 4. spry hot liquid soap onto a big metal role 5. it solidifies in a flash and a big blade scrapes creating ribbons of soap 6. big steel rollers mix and compress the soap ribbons, so the soap become dense 7. the soap is pushed to an extruder called a "noodle played" that shapes it into soap noodles 8. then they are dumped into a mixer 9. addition of colour in powder and liquid form 10. steel blades tear it up 11. addition of fragrant oils and the blades toss it up toghether 12. the soap is pushed into a reforming plate, it is modelled and then the soap is ready
1) A light wood is selected.(purchased from an external supplier) 2)The wood is cut and planed. 3) The wood is placed into heated room for two months in order to reduce the moisture level. 4)The CNC machine carves the body of the guitar 5) The surface of the wood is finished with a belt sander by the workers. 6) The guitar neck is carved. 7) The truss rod is applied to the neck of the guitar, to compensate the tension of the guitar strings. 8) The fingerboard is applied to the neck, through a press. 9) The CNC machine finalizes the shape of the neck. 10) A 22 blades saw simultaneously cuts very precise lines for 22 frets of the guitar neck. 11) The back of the neck is smoothed with a belt sander. 12) The fret wires are installed, they are made of lead and nickel. (the fret wires are provided by an external supplier) 13) The sides of the neck are passed on a belt sander, trimming off the excess of the fret rounding off the edges of the fingerboard board. 14) A sealant seal the pores of the wood. 15) The wood is painted with 22 coats of lacquer. 16) The wood rests for 2 weeks. 17) The guitar is polished with wax. 18) The higher frets are filed down. 19) The fingerboard is cleaned with mineral oil. 20) A key is turned in the truss rod to straighten out the neck. 21) The 6 tuning keys are inserted. (provided by an external supplier) 22) The bone nut is inserted. (provided by an external supplier) 23) The neck is attached to the body. 24) Control knobs for the volume and tone are welded to the pickup. 25) The pickup is positioned over the bridge. (the bridge and the pick-up are provided by an external supplier) 26) Workers drill holes in the body for installing the bridge. (Bridge provided by an external supplier) 27) The bridge is attached with screws (screws provided by an external supplier) 28) The bridge, the body and the neck pick-ups are installed. (Pickups provided by an external supplier) 29) The steel springs of the tremolo are inserted, (provided by external supplier) 30) Volume and tone knobs and the pick-up selector switch are installed 31) A jack is installed. (Provided by an external supplier) 32) The operation of each pickup is tested. 33) The steel strings are installed. (string are provided by external supplier) 34) The string are wound to the tuning keys. 35) The guitar is tuned with a digital tuner.
1-a polyurethane block is cut 2-the shape is made to pass under a pressure machine 3-a worker welding a internal shape 4-the mannequin is covered with glue and then pasted limbs 5-It is sprinkled with a particular paint
in my opinion i don't know if it is a good idea to externalize something, infact the organization has everything in and I do not know how it is useful
stainless-steel -raw materials such as old steel are collected -raw materials are poured into a roaring furnace along with chrome and nickel alloys -enormous electrodes heat to the melting point -the content goes into a a refining furnace -more scraps is added to create a chemical reaction to fuel the refiner -liquid steel is guided from furnace by rollers on long platforms where get little cooler and stretched -lab steel is rolled as a toilet paper -steel goes to acid wash -steel gets stretched again and worked as the customer demands -steel gets washed one last time
i believe that all the phases of production are made inside the firm, giving nothing in outsource -
HOW IT'S MADE- PAINTBALLS: The main phases. 1) put water into a giant mixing bowl with a sweetener and a secret combination of food; 2) add the key ingredient: gelatin; 3) melt and mix everything for a half an hour; 4) transfer the gel from the mixer into a filter, to eliminate any globs; 5) lower in a giant blender and pour in food dye and blend for about 20 minutes; 6) Elsewhere in the factory it's used the same method to dye what’s called “the fill” – that’s the “paint” that goes inside the shell of the paintball. It’s made of polyethylene glycol, the same inert liquid used for Cough Syrup, thickened with wax; 7)The gel and the fill meet their maker in what’s known as “the feed room”. Here, the vats of gel and fill feed a softgel encapsulation machine one floor below. 8) First, the machine spreads out the gel onto a cooled drum. This creates a continuous, thin sheet of gel called a “gel ribbon”. This cooling cures the gelatin to the point where it can now be molded into the hollow shell of the ball. The machine presses the gel ribbon into a die with half-circle pockets, each forming one-half of a ball shell. 9) The machine does the next three steps in one shot. It aligns two half-shells together to form a hollow balò, injects the fill, then seals the two half-shells together. 10) they fall down onto a conveyer, then roll into a tumble-dryer to be pre-dried while airborne. From here they’ll go onto a bakery-style rack until they dry out to the carefully controlled amount. 11)The finished paintballs go through an precision automatic counting machine. I do not think is necessary externalize any phases: each ingredient is accessible to all countries and thanks to a good preparation, all people can do this type of job.
"How is made glass blocks" The main phases of production of the glass blocks are several: 1) Collecting all the materials for the production (recycled pieces of glass, limestone, soda ash, sand) and portioning each ingredient 2) Mixing the elements and transformation into molten glass 3) Cooling of each part of molten glass, and testing that each block has the weight and size required
I do not think that any of these processes can be externalized to an other industry, since most part of the processes involve the glass being melted, and it would be impossible to transport it
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kecBi27dhjw "How it's made yogurt". 1) Inspect the fruit. 2) Turn it into jam. 3) homogenization blending milk and cream together. 4) The mixer goes into fermantation tanks. 5) The factory manufactures yogurt containers on the packaging line. 6) The machines fill the containers with the combination of yogurt and fruit jam. 7) The thin alluminium for the containers cover pass through a printer for the expiry date. 8) The machine hits the alluminium cover on the containers. 9) Finally the machine divide the containers. If I were a fruit yogurt company director, I would not externalize any step of the production, as all of them are determinant for the company. Indeed the best choice of the fruit and expecially its investigation made by competent workers, all the ingredients carefully selected to make the jam and also the selection and preparation of milk and cream in order to make the yogurt, are all essential steps that make the difference between my company and the others, and therefore must be carried out by the company itself.
1) During the moulding process, plastic is heated to 230-310C so it is the consistency of dough. 2) It is then injected into moulds at a pressure of 25-150 tons, depending on which elemennt is being produced. On average it then takes 5-10 seconds for the elements to cool and be ejected. 3) The moulds used in production are accurate to within five my (=0.005mm) and this accuracy means than only 18 elements in every million products fail to meet the high quality standard. 4) More than 36 billion elements were made(in 2011), equivalent to approximately 68,000 per minute or 1,140 elements every second.
None of these processes should be externalized because the processes are all entirely automated.
Phases production of Iphone (I don’t use plastic like blog 3 we an consider it like a raw product and not a final product) 1)Phase of development design and mechanic (This phase is not external because Apple do it in the headquarter in Cupertino) 2)Phase during they buy external component like screen glass, aluminium cases, plastic components… 3)Phase of production : In China they assemble all components together and they create the iPhone (external phase) 4)Finally the distributions in all the World through retails (external phase)
Phases of production: -create the stem of the candle -color the candle -engrave the candle I would not externalize any phases since I think that would cost more for the azienda
Phases: -discard the fruits -making jam -putting water,natural flavouring and stabilizars into to give the jam even consistency,adding colouring and sugar -heating everything to 60 degrees Celciusm -pumping out and reheating the ingredients to making the mixture evenly -adding colouring and fruits -reheating and mixing again -heating the jam at a min 80 degrees for an hour to kill all harmful bacteria -mixing different powder milk products with milk and cream (to prepare the yogurt) -pasturizing (heating the ingredients (consisting the yogurt only!) at 80 degrees or higher for just half a minute) -homogenization (in a machine blending milk and cream together) -fermentation -packaging
if there are brand new machines helping the homogenization by heating products only once there would be a must to purchase them.
"HOW IT'S MADE KITCHEN KNIVES" production steps: 1) Cut the steel sheets 2)Cook the steel pieces and cool them to make steel harder 3) Smooth the corners 4) Sharpen the blades 5) Join handles and blades
The only thing i would externalize is the step one : it would probably be more advantageous to take delivery of already cut steel pieces, In this way the firm wouldn't have to think about wastes of material.
1- Bee keeper smokes the bees 2- He takes the honey frames 3- Put the frames in a machine who takes the major quantity oh honey 4- Then they take the remaining part of the honey manually 5- Then they put the frames in another machinery in order to take all honey from the cells 6- Smaller frames are cutted manually 7- Collecting the honey in bottels 8- Storage, in case the company has larger amount of honey 9-After botteling they pack the product and it is ready for sale
How are Playing Cards made ? ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsrrMgotapQ )
1.storing the papers in an appropriate temperature 2.gluing two layers of cards together to make in impossible to see-through. 3.designing the artwork 4.printing a resolution sample to confirm the quality. 5.double checking the cards after printing the samples. 6.printing colors of cards 7.graphic artist designing more details 8.preparing the inks 9.moving the plates through the press 10. moving the sheets through the cutting machine 11. grouping the cards into decks 12. wrapping
- 14 Silos of different colors pipes up the tiny granules of plastic to melt down and molding them into several toy-shapes. - A thousand machines making the bricks 24 hours a day - The machines smelled the granules a 232 C shaking cool down and then spitting them out into the containers below - When the container is full a robotic car collect and takes it to the stew - In the vast hall another automated system takes each crate which specified shelf - The machine spits out 15000 heads and bodies - A rubber stamp paints heads and bodies in different ways - The bodies are made and painted just like the hedge - Then when a cam responses a wrong assembly between head and body of the toy the body is ejected by a plaster to come round again - Finally bodies and heads are attached to get a complete lego tiny figure - Up and another part of the factory a designer has got the job thinking up yet another new way to put breaks together . The boffins have worked on an avereage of 900 millions of combinations - With a computer which guides the outline, specified designers complete the creation-process in huge warehouses
Video “How it's made- Golf balls” - bouncy rubber Is mixed with other chemicals to form a hot mass - conveyor belt transports the slugs into a compression mold machine - workers position them to shape and cook. Workers then place over the steel mold a - Solid golf ball core are now picked up by vacuum - A robot transports the balls into another mold to form the outside shell - The ball elevator takes them to the automatic miller to clean the plastic in excess - A robotic arm takes them to the quality checkpoint and then to the stamping machine that brands each ball - golfballs are dried
I wouldn't externalize any of the phases, as they don't demand much in time and in money and the only thing that is external is the bouncy rubber.
How "produce laptop keyboard" 1.Creating Lay out and key caps 2.Pick the switches 3.A keyboad case to submit lay out and caps 4.testing the key board through machine 5.Packed and ready to delivery.
I dont want to externalize. Because it is too hard to do . Basically all the processes are through machineries.
"How is made cheese?"
ReplyDeleteThere are 4 main steps that are shown in the video.They choose the kind of milk is used ,then the first step is the method of curdling milk,draining and pressing are simply ways that eliminate more whey, then there comes the method of cutting and forming the curd,
during the ripening process cheeses take on their unique flavor and texture, the amount of salt and and seasonings added. Afterwads they get their shapes and being packed.
This process of production is absolutely manageable inside the factory depending on the machineries that it has without externalizing any other phases. The key factor in making the cheese as it is shown in the video is to get the right kind of milk.
"How is made gasoline?"
ReplyDeleteThere are different phases.
1)Find the area where probably there is oil
2) Extraction process through we can get crude oil.
3) Pipeline transports crude oil the refinery
4) The oil is analyzed
5) Through different processes crude oil become gasoline
6) Trucks bring the gasoline to the sellers
I don't know if it is a good Idea to externalize something. In the video the company (exxon) owns everything, from the gusher to the sellers, in this way you do not have buyers and suppliers so important to endanger your company.
How it's made absinthe
ReplyDelete-The distillery workers put the ingredients into a copper still
-They pump highly concentrated alcohol made from white grapes into the still
-The still remains closed overnight (maceration process)
-The still gets heated with pressurized steam (distillation process)
-Distilled spirit gets diluted with water to reduce the alcohol percentage
-A sample from each batch gets tested to verify the alcohol content
-Absinthe gets bottled in glass bottles and stored
-The distillery sends the absinthe to the sellers
I actually wouldn't externalize not even one of the phases because it would probably cost more to buy than to make any one of the production phases.
"How is made Nutella"
ReplyDeletePRINCIPAL PHASES OF PRODUCTION
1. Cocoa harvested from Cocoa trees
2. Cocoa imported from Ivory coast principally in european factories
3. Cocoa mixed up with water,passed throught presses, liquid butter added
4. Created desks of chocolate (every desk weighs 7 kilos) throught a specific processes
5. Nuts (only the best) cleared and roasted before they can join chocolate
6. addiction of vanilla,milk and other chemical ingredients to conserve the cream of chocolate
7. other machineries create glass contenitor for products where employees glue the tag
8. Tins of Nutella are bring in markets where customers can sell them
How is made Nutella.
ReplyDelete1st) the Cocoa has to be harvested from the trees;
2nd) the cocoa beans are spread out to dry in the tropical sun for 10 days;
3rd) the cocoa beans are now transported into factories all over the world;
4th) the cocoa beans are brought in the roasting ovens;
5th) the cocoa butter needs to be removed and what remains is a disk of pure compressed cocoa;
6th) hazelnuts are cleaned and roasted;
7th) hazelnuts are joined by the pure cocoa powder, sugar, vanilla and skimmed milk, obtaining Nutella;
8th) the chocolate spread is put into the jars.
In my opinion some phases are already externalized, in fact from phase 1 to 3 everything is done in other countries (as the Ivory Coast) from other companies. This is because it's not possible to grow cocoa trees in the european climate (not tropical).
The other phases has not to be externalized because everything can be done with the machineries of the factory itself and other externalizations would be only more expensive.
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ReplyDeleteIn blog 3 I discussed "How is made: hot-dogs". Here, the phases of production are: the put together and grinding of all the trimmings, its seasoning and the pureeing of this meat; then it is put in a machinery that cut the puree in the standard length of hot-dogs; after that, the hot-dogs are baked and then salted thanks to salted water; once cooked, the black stripes are removed from the dogs and they are prepared for packaging; eventually the hot-dogs are packed and ready to be sold.
ReplyDeleteIn this case, the externalized phases are: the supplying of the meat and of the flavorings.
Then, I had discussed the “How is made Lego”, where the phases of production are:
the collection of tiny pieces of plastic; then, machines shape them in the different forms and colors; after that, an automated car collect the full boxes and take them in the storage hall; eventually, many designers have to think to new combinations of bricks.
In this other case, the phase that is externalized is just the proper making of plastic.
ReplyDelete''How is made drinkable water?''
Phases of Production:
- intake pipe that pumps water in the industries
-flows throw a pumping station
-giant screening removes grass and fishes
-chemical element carbon , called activated carbon absorbs contaminates
-series of mixing tanks
-aluminum sulphate substance forms ''flocks'' batteries stick from this flocks
-5 pipes inject the water the so-called ''micro-sand''
-polymer conniver the sand making it sticky
-passes throw a type of coal and layer of sand
- they add 1.9 chorine per liter of water
-silicate to prevent calcium blocking our water pipes
-inspectors monitor water supplies for security
-chorine gas toxic used
-electric motors pumps the water
-employees
In this case i won't externalize anything because the production of drinkable water has to be follow step by step from the same company. It would be impossible to attribute half or parts of the process to other industries. I think it will be just more expensive and useless.
How is made hot dogs:
ReplyDeletein this video the phases in making the hot dog is:
1. choosing the type of meat and cut it.
2. adding flavors spices and other ingredients.
3. the machine purees the meat and vacuums the air out.
4. cellophane is been loaded in the machine in order to shape and wrap the meat.
5. the meat is being stuffed into the pipes.
6. the hot dogs chains is being linked to other chains of hot dogs in order to create bigger chains.
7. the hot dogs is being transferred to a smoke liquid shower.
8. the hot dogs is being cooked in the cooking zone.
9. the hot dogs is being washed in a cold salty water in order to chill them before wrapping.
10. the hot dog is being peeled by a peeling machine.
11. the hot dogs Is being inspected by inspector that they are without flaws.
12. the hot dogs is being wrapped.
the externalizes phases in this video it was the meat cutting and the inspecting part.
"How is made honey"
ReplyDelete1 bees produce honey;
2 bees keepers pick up honey;
3 a machinery divides honey from the contenitor;
4 another machiney cleans and fills the honey pots;
5 the honey pots are brought in the shops.
I would keep the entire production inside the company because otherwise it wouldn’t be convenient.
It is not a complex production and it requires a few and simple things.
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ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteHow it's made - clothespins:
ReplyDelete1. Logs are sliced by an automated band saw
2. Planks air-dry for 7 months
3. Planks go into a kiln for 4 weeks, to bring the moisture level down
4. Blocks are fitted into a cutting machine so that produces thin pieces of wood
5. Pieces are selected by workers
6. An automated milling machine shapes off a clothespin clip on the front and a notch in the back
7. Assembly time
In order to speed up the process of production, the firm should buy planks of wood already manufactored and ready to be fitted into the cutting machine.
DeleteThe phases of production of the wine are:
ReplyDelete1) collect grapes
2) press grapes in order to obtain the juice
3) fermentation (transforming sugar into alcohol)
4) wait 10 days for the red wine, 3 weeks for the white one.
5) bottle the wine
I'm not going to externalize even one phases because all of them are extremely fast and simple.
How is made olives oil
ReplyDelete1) a machinery takes the olives from olive's plants
2) olives are washed and selected by grates
3) a big stone presses the olives
4) this olive paste goes to silos in high temperature
5) experts decide if the taste is good
6) the oil goes in glass bottles and distributed in the market.
How is made tabasco
ReplyDelete1) Company has pepper fields in Louisiana and South America. Workers grow and collect pepper.
2) The factory grinds peper and mix it with salt
3) Mash goes to whiskey barrels
4) Workers seal the barrels and spread a layer of salt over the top
5) Barrels go to warehouse, where mash ferments for 3 years
6) After 3 years fermentation workers break up the salt and open the barrels
7) Pump it to large mixing tanks, add vinegar and churn for 3-4 weeks
8) two stage milling process the first male extacts the pepper pulp the second male removes the seats
9) The quality control department analyze the samples from every batch of sauce for viscosity ph salt level and other criteria
10) Pumped to the bottling line
I think, that all phases are necessary, because this is the hand made product, which has it quite long history.
How is made pasta
ReplyDelete1)selection of first material
2)first materials (eggs,flour,water) in the kneader
3)it's given the form of pasta
4)dehydratation of pasta (with specific temperatures)
5)colling
6)packaging
7)distribution in market
(every phase is controlled by workers to assicure the good quality)
“How it is made – Pencils”
ReplyDeleteThere are seven main steps of the production of pencils for this production company.
1.Firstly the cedar wood comes in pre-cut panels, but the first step is to curve channels down the panels which will then be filled with graphite.
2.The channels are filled with glue.
3.Step 3 is divided into two categories:
3.1.Half of the panels get loaded with graphite.
3.2.The other half gets flipped over and sided over the previously mentioned graphite filled panels.
4.Now the panels are compressed together while the glue dries.
5.Next the panels are sliced into pencils.
5.1.In a sub step a sample of the product is tested to measure if it is up to standards.
6.The pencils are then coated in paint, in this case it takes four coats.
7.The last step equips the pencils with rubber erasers and sharpens them into the correct shape.
I would not externalize any of the steps, with all the above mentioned machinery they work best if they are in the same location; it is not a complex production. The only step worth externalizing has already been done so, the cedar wood comes pre-cut in panels, which makes the whole production faster. Externalizing more factors would be useless and arguably more expensive.
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ReplyDeleteIn blog 3 i discussed car making process.
ReplyDeleteIt can be divided into 3 main phases of production which are basically the development, production of technology and practical production.
The development consists of the planning and the reviewing of former cars concept that is followed by a visual and technical design. The final part is the testing process through prototypes, simulations and experiments. The next phase is fundamental because high-level production technology are needed and also productivity reviews and process plannig. The last practical phase can be divided into 6 parts: the pressing of steel sheets, welding of them in order to build the body of the car, painting process, resin molding, assembly of all parts including interior components, electrical wiring, engine and tires. The process finishes when car are subjected to a rigorous inspection in order to test its efficiency.
How is made pencil:
ReplyDelete-Find adequate wood(cider from California)
-Cut the wood in small slats
-Divide each slat in parts of the same dimension that will become pencils
-The machinery puts some glue on the slats to make them more elastic
-Half of the slats passes on another machinery that inserts the lead into the pencils
-The two sequences of slat are put one over the other
-The slats are compressed for one hour
-A machinery shapes the pencils and divides them
-Each pencil is sharpened and the quality of the lead is checked
-The pencils passes through a machine which gives them the yellow and black color
-The pencils are marked with the Company's name
-The rubber is assembled on the pencils
-European pencils are painted with other colors that indicates their solidity
How its made "Surfboard"
ReplyDelete1 An artisan builds the woody body of the board
2 A second specialist works on the coating and coloring
3 A third specialist realizes the fin hole
4 A last forth specialist polishes the entire board and makes sure it's ready to ship
I think that this building system is pretty efficient as it is, but if the surfboard producer could find a big company that focuses only on wood shaping, and could arrange an agreement to make them build the body of the board through machines instead of paying for an artisan, it could turn out to be a huge money saving.
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ReplyDelete"How is made frozen fruit?"
ReplyDeleteThis production of frozen fruit is articulated in different steps:
1) the picking of the fruit (example: strawberries) by hand
2) a bath in fresh water with a moving filter
3) a shower of clean rinsed water
4) the sterilization of strawberries
5) the picking out and discard of any bruise
6) the strawberries are passed through a freezing tunnel at -34 F, where the Ammonia liquid is used.
If I was a frozen fruit company's director, I would buy advanced machines, able to pick the fruit more quickly, instead of paying employees to do the same thing by hand, wasting a lot of time.
How is made books:
ReplyDeleteThere are large sheets of paper, each containing several consecutive pages of the book
. A worker positions each sheet in a machine that cut this papers
The sheets pass through a machine called 'Folder' which folds each sheet into a book size with the pages in a right order
The machine starts perforating the fold line
Each paper rolls in another machines until they hit a stopper which alines the perforations between two rollers
The rollers pull the pages down pressing each fold
Another machine assembles the folder in the right order
These folders are attached together with the cover
I don't think that externalizing some processes would be the right way to improve the efficiency of the production. The processes are all strictly connected to each other and it's an extremely fast process, that's why in my opinion, an externalization would be only more expensive and unnecessary.
How is made books:
ReplyDeleteThere are large sheets of paper, each containing several consecutive pages of the book
. A worker positions each sheet in a machine that cut this papers
The sheets pass through a machine called 'Folder' which folds each sheet into a book size with the pages in a right order
The machine starts perforating the fold line
Each paper rolls in another machines until they hit a stopper which alines the perforations between two rollers
The rollers pull the pages down pressing each fold
Another machine assembles the folder in the right order
These folders are attached together with the cover
I don't think that externalizing some processes would be the right way to improve the efficiency of the production. The processes are all strictly connected to each other and it's an extremely fast process, that's why in my opinion, an externalization would be only more expensive and unnecessary.
"HOW IT'S MADE - Apple Juice”
ReplyDelete1. Decided from witch kind of apple produce the juice
2. Find a location to the Factory where the kind of apples will be available
3. Select the other materials for the apple juice (sugar, water and so on)
4. The process in the factory to clean the apples
5. The process to get the apple juice
6. Decided in witch kind of battle to put the Pinal juice
7. Deliver the juice to the stores
I wouldn't externalize the phases because it would cost more money and make the process more difficult.
"How it's made blackboard"
ReplyDelete1- The sheets of galvanized steel are blasted with acid and powerful fans dry them off.
2- The sheets are painted with a type of acrylic enamel with a mineral formulation added.
3- Sheets go into an oven then a strong fan cools them off.
4- A worker sprays contact cement on the back of the sheets.
5- Workers assemble the sheets of galvanized steel with a fiberboard.
6- A long strip of aluminium moliding makes the blackboard frame.
7- Workers polish any sharp edges left by the cutting.
8- Workers fasten the frame using rivets or screws, then they attach an aluminium rail along the bottom.
I wouldn't externalize any phase because I think that the process can't be made more cheaper.
Phases of production of: Pasta
ReplyDelete-Water and semolina flour (eggs or other ingredients are sometimes added for taste) are mixed in the mixing machine.
- The mix goes to the vacuum mixing machine, to continue the process.
- The mix, depending on the final shape of the pasta produced, is transferred into machines for shapes (butterflies, lasagne, spaghetti, fusilli…).
-Pasta is placed into a drying tank.
- Water and moisture are added to complete the product.
- Pasta is aligned.
- Pasta is packaged and ready to be sold.
It think is almost impossible to outsource any phase, because this is not an assembly process. Probably everything must be done inside, and this is the cheapest and most qualitative option. The only process which is externalizable is the packaging. Maybe a company specialised in this kind of processes can be more efficient, but many factors have to be considered: the transport of pasta, the quality, the waste of time and so on.
How it's made Lego - Phases of production:
ReplyDelete- 14 Silos of different colors pipes up the tiny granules of plastic to melt down and molding them into several toy-shapes.
- A thousand machines making the bricks 24 hours a day
- The machines smelled the granules a 232 C shaking cool down and then spitting them out into the containers below
- When the container is full a robotic car collect and takes it to the stew
- In the vast hall another automated system takes each crate which specified shelf
- The machine spits out 15000 heads and bodies
- A rubber stamp paints heads and bodies in different ways
- The bodies are made and painted just like the hedge
- Then when a cam responses a wrong assembly between head and body of the toy the body is ejected by a plaster to come round again
- Finally bodies and heads are attached to get a complete lego tiny figure
- Up and another part of the factory a designer has got the job thinking up yet another new way to put breaks together
. The boffins have worked on an avereage of 900 millions of combinations
- With a computer which guides the outline, specified designers complete the creation-process in huge warehouses
How It's made Bread- Phases of production:
ReplyDelete1.Big cars sow wheath, then harvest when it is ready,
2.Production of flour,
3.Mixing flour, water, yeast and other enzymes,
4.Lifting and separating the dough into pieces
5.Baking bread
6.Cutting and packaging
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ReplyDeleteHow is made hot dogs
ReplyDeleteSpecial selected trimmings are cut and ground into small pieces and put into the mixer. Formulas are continuously weighed to assure proper balance of all ingredients
A high-speed, stainless steel chopper blends meat, spices and curing ingredients into an emulsion or batter.
The emulsion is pumped and fed into a stuffer. Shirred strands of cellulose casings are mechanically positioned on the stuffing horn. As the emulsion flows through the horn into the casing, the filled strands are linked into hot dogs of exact size. The strand is then put on the smokehouse conveyor system.
In smokehouses, under controlled temperature and humidity, the hot dog is fully cooked and hard-wood smoked for texture, color and a delicious flavor.
After passing through the smoke and cook cycle, and being showered in cool water, the hot dog goes into the peeler. Here the protective, air and smoke-permeable cellulose casing "skin" is stripped away and individual links are conveyed to the packaging line.
Finally, the hot dog is conveyed to scales which divert off-weight franks, and is then fed into the vacuum packaging equipment. Here, individual packages of exact number and precise weight are wrapped and vacuum sealed in plastic film to protect the freshness and flavor of the hot dog.
Once packaged and boxed, hot dogs are moved to storage coolers and loaded on refrigerated trucks for delivery. The entire process, from cut trimmings to the consumer's table is often measured in a matter of hours. From beginning to end, the hot dog is carefully inspected by federal officials according to strict federal standards of quality and sanitation.
Externalised something like meets & flavours quantity and pakeging quality.
How to make a honey?
ReplyDelete-land (we cant make it because it is a natural capital)
-bees (we cant make it because it is a natural capital)
-hives (we make it because the cost must be cheaper then buy in long term)
-uncapping machine (in this case, we only need a few of machine for uncapping honey, so we buy a machine from other industry)
- worker with skill (we will buy in a labor market )
How it's made gold
ReplyDelete1) mining, drilling and blasting to get the ore
2) transporting the ore
3) purifying the ore for the first time
4) mixing the ore with other chemical elements
5) separating the pure part of the ore from the impure part
I would externalize the phase of transport of the ore, because I think it is the only phase which is convenient to assign to other entities that deal specifically with transport of materials.
How is made baseball:
ReplyDelete- the pills (made up of spheres of cork) are poured with latex adhesive and loaded into a drum
- rollers spin the drum to cover the pills with adhesive
- machines wind 4 layers of wool around the pills
- employees weigh them and measure their circumferences
- the balls and the adhesive are put into a drum so that the wound fibers adhere to each other
- a press creates shapes from leather complete with holes, date and number
- the forms are wrapped in wet towels
- onto one side of the cut-outs a machine rolls the adhesive
- two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball
- the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball
- a press smooths down the seams
. a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
The business is carried out in the internal azienda, from the purchase of the pills to the complete creation of the balls, so as to create quality and good products. I would not externalize any phase of production, for it would be inconvenient and uselessly expensive.
How is made bubble gum:
ReplyDelete- mix the gum base with colour, flavour and syrup.
- transfer the mix on rollers which will squeeze the paste
- make it at the size of a bubble gum
- heat it to avoid it sticking to the roller
- cool it down and wrap it
- pack it
In the video it is not mentioned if the company produces the gum base, so probably it doesn't make it. In my opinion the company should consider making it by its own because it is the main ingredient and they would save a lot of money producing it.
Instead I think the company should give the duty to deliver the products to a specialized firm.
How is made Pasta:
ReplyDelete- mix semolina and water
- choose the type of pasta
- put the mix inside the machine
- if needed, cut the pasta to make some simpler form
- if needes, dry the pasta
- divided in pack
In the video they don't give us the answer but we can suppose that they (rightly in my opinion) use the make logic.
How is made Pasta:
ReplyDelete- mix semolina and water
- choose the type of pasta
- put the mix inside the machine
- if needed, cut the pasta to make some simpler form
- if needes, dry the pasta
- divided in pack
In the video they don't give us the answer but we can suppose that they (rightly in my opinion) use the make logic.
How is made german beer.
ReplyDelete-The barley is gathered separetely from the grain.
-Barley is mixed with water at 15°C (germination)
-The barley starts growing
-After six days it is dried (melted barley)
-Melted barley is mixed again with water
-The sugar chain must be broken by enzymes
-The beer is passed in another tank
-The barley have to leaven
-Hops and yeast are added
-The beer is let for four weeks at 2°C
-Beer is poured into bottles
-it is ready to be drunk!
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ReplyDeleteHow is made chewing gum:
ReplyDelete-Gum base is poured into a mixer
-Colour and flavour is added
-Liquid sweeterner is added
-Extra powder sweeterner is added
-The dow is heated up and blended until necessary
-A machine squeezes it into a long, thin strip
-The product is cooled down in the cooling chamber
-A machine simultaneously cut the strip into bite-size pieces and wrap it
I would externalize the phase that customize the wraping paper, thus buying sealing packages already done and ready to be used, to faster the process of chewing gum making.
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ReplyDeletehow is made a computer
ReplyDeletestages of production:
1) acquisition of raw materials
2) assembly hardware
3) processing software
4) packaging and distribution
Maybe the assembly process could be externalise (finding a good assemblator at a convenient price) saving money on wages,
machineries and making the production faster. (+efficiency)
How it's made-Wigs.
ReplyDelete1)Measuring the client's head in all angles preparing a cellophane cast.
2)Placing the cast on a wig block and attaching blue paper and fine lace on it .
3)Dragging fake and real hair energetically through the hackle.
4)Placing combed hair in between holding cards.
5)Knot hair with needle in lace (phase also known as “ventilating”).
6)Styling the wig wore by the client.
No phases are externalized and should be, since the process consists in accurate and precise passages that are possible thanks to professional workers, such as wig-masters.
How is made handmade paper?
ReplyDeleteThis process is based on various steps:
1. Accumulate raw materials (mainly natural fibers).
2. Put the raw materials in the machine that wraps them up into small pieces.
3. “Feeding the rack”: put all the row materials in a sort of pool fill of water.
4. Leave the row materials in the water for eight hours.
5. Add colorful scraps of paper tho create a decorative pattern.
6. Make a sheet of paper by plunging a wooden mold into the palm oil.
7. Place the mold face down and let the sheet of paper dry.
8. Press together (for several times and with different machines) at least three sheets of paper.
I think it's better not to outsource any phase of production because all of them all closely linked. For instance, the “paper” that comes out of the pool would be too wet to be transported to another company. Furthermore all the steps must be carried out by experts and in a short time in order to obtain the desired quality of products.
All beers are brewed using a process based on a simple formula. Key to the beer making process is malted grain, depending on the region traditionally barley, wheat or sometimes rye.
ReplyDelete1) Malting- Malt is made by allowing a grain to germinate
2) Brewing- This serves to dissolve the starchy and proteinic matter in the malt.
3) It is heated progressively in stages. Each temperature corresponds to the optimum action of an enzyme.
4) Fermentation- Yeast is added to the wort, once it has cooled, and the fermentable sugars that dissolved during the brewing process are transformed into alcohol and carbon dioxide. After about a week this fermentation is finished.
There are two main categories of beer here, “bottom-fermentation yeast” beers, which are fermented at a low temperature (8 to 12°C) with a yeast that sinks to the bottom of the beer, and “top-fermentation yeast” beers, fermented at 15 to 25°C, with a yeast which rises to the surface of the beer after fermentation.
5) Bottling- After these processes, the beer is ready to be bottled.
1)Remove honey frames from the hive
ReplyDelete2)Set up the garage equipmentsale
3)Uncapping the frames with hot knife.
4)Spinning the frames
5)First the filer then the jar
6)Melting the wax many could be under solar or any you prefer
1)Remove honey frames from the hive
ReplyDelete2)Set up the garage equipmentsale
3)Uncapping the frames with hot knife.
4)Spinning the frames
5)First the filer then the jar
6)Melting the wax many could be under solar or any you prefer
MOVABLE FIELD IRRIGATION SYSTEM
ReplyDelete1) To design the movable structure for the field that will be irrigated
2) Transform high flat strings steel into a pipe sprinkler system
3) The steel from flat becomes cylindrical passing trough rollers
4) Automated welding torch will close the gap of the cylindrical steel
5) An automated machine will cut the pipe in a specific section
6) An employee will assemble the sprinklers that will be fixed on the pipe
7) The employees will finally arrange the sprinkler system on the field in the correct configuration and set up the structure component beside it.
8) Then they start assembling the huge sprinkler system connecting also the electrical system.
9) Finally they roll the wheels on the structure and now is possible to pump the water.
All the production phases must be done in the same structure keeping the high quality product of the firm, just the steel will come from an externalized company.
How is made bowling balls https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjxkurtzVx0
ReplyDelete1- create the mixture for the nucleus
2-pipe the mixture in the models and let them solidify
3- the cores are put in second models, which are more uniform spheres
4- a mixture of liquid polymer is poured into second models
5- a lift system delivers the balls to a sanding operation.
6- Holes for fingers are the end realized.
ReplyDeleteHow is made nuts
-Shields and skins are removed
-Dry-roast only the seeds
-Roasted them in the tumbler
-Nuts are spread with a liquid seeds mixer
-Spreading the peanuts in a thin layer where they roast
-Breaking up any clamps
-combining nuts with fruit
-passing in a metal detector
-packaging them
I think it is better not to externalize any phases because they all imply the use of specialize machineries.
The productive process of how is made hot dog consist of many phases:
ReplyDelete1) Choose kind of meat and cut them
2 Add flavors spices and other ingredients mixing all together
3 Machinaries pure the ingredients
4 Meat is wrapped with cellophane and stuffed into the pipes
5 hot dogs are linked to other ones creating a chain
6 Hot dogs are transferred in a liquid shower
7 They were cooked
8. They were washed in a salty water
9 they were peeled
10 Inspection of the hot dogs
11 Being wrapped
The externalize phase is the inspection of the hot dogs.
"How it's made - Lego"
ReplyDelete1) Legos pass through huge silos that pipes up the granules to be melted down.
2) granules are modeled into bricks and then built into a lot of different forms.
3) machines smelled the granules a 232 degree Celsius,shake them, cool them down and then spit them out into the containers below.
4) the container is full robotic car collected and it takes it to the stew.
5) in the vast hall another automated system takes each create to a specified shelf.
6) in another part of the fabric a designer has got the job of thinking how bricks can be put together in new ways.
Actually in Lego there isn't the need of externalize something that has not already been externalized. Designers do not always work inside the same fabric in which Legos are produced. For what concerns the other steps of the producing process it would not be a good idea because of the close link between each others.
There are several phases to produce honey starting from collection phase to reach the end consumer. They are:
ReplyDeleteStep 1- A smoker with dry leaves are loaded and lighted. Bellows are pumped and the lied are closed to continue to pump until the nuzzle starts blowing smoke.
Step 2 Beekeeping suit are put on to covers all exposed skin. Head is covered with beevail.
Step 3 The cover from the beehives top box are removed and smokes are blown on the bees pumping bellows. Workers use hive tool to remove the inner cover more if necessary
Step 4 prior to frame from the super with the hive tool if a wax layer is seen that completely enclose the honeycomb in the frame its capped it is considered as ready to harvest
Step 5 They carefully take a frame out, gently shake and use the brush to remove the rest of the bee. The collected in a box and covered. The collected frames that are ready to be harvested are taken to another location to extract the honey to prevent bees coming to the place again.
Step 6 plugging the on capping tool and run over one side of the frame to remove the layer of wax covering the honey. Once one side of the frame is bent on capped it is turned over on cap. The other side to strain the honey from the camps is put on a honey filter to allow slow draining out into a collections bucket
Step 7 The frames are placed in an extractor and the extractor spin them until the honey collects at the bottom of the extractor. The valve at the bottom of the extractor are opened and run the honey through a strainer or honey filter to remove wax and debris
Step 8 The freshly filtered honey are left to sit for a day and a cover collection bucket to allow air bubbles to escape and additional debris to separate. Then the honey finally is put into bottle and jar to reach the consumer.
How are made fireworks:
ReplyDeletephase 1 extraction of the black pouder from the field
phase 2 manufacturing of the black pouder
phase 3 pouder is inserted within special cases with other parts
phase 4 once fireworks are ready they have to be packed to be ready for the selling
In my opinion the phase that should be externalized is the one that regard cases for fireworks that could be made by outside the firm.
"How It's Made German Beer"
ReplyDeletePhases of Productions:
1) Collect Barley (Externalize)
2) Mixing the barley with water
3) Germination
4) Take the melted barley and mix it with fresh water
5) Add the hops
6) Add the Yeast
7) Put the beer inside the bottles
8) Market Distribution (Externalize)
HOW IT'S MADE - Bubble gum: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB3st6SQnsk
ReplyDelete- acquisition of ingredients (basic gum, colourants, flavourings, sugar syrup)
- mixture of the ingredients
- transformation of the mixture into strips
- shaping of the strips
- cutting and wrapping of gums in waxed papers
- packaging
I think that any of these phases should be externalized, since such a firm, bound to be a supplier, is ruled exactly in order to efficiently produce the whole final product, so as to avoid the necessity of external producers.
I shouldn't have written the first phase, since it's part of the acqusition of factors of productions, and not of the productive process.
DeleteHow is made Tabasco:
ReplyDelete1. acquisition of Peppers,salt and vinegar
2. Pickers harvest the selected peppers
3. Workers check the peppers color with a red stick
4. Peppers are mixed with salt by workers
5. Workers put the mixture into the wood whisky barrels and seal it , putting other salt over the top
6. Three years of fermentation
7. Workers pump it into large mixing tanks adding vinegar and turning it for 3-4 weeks
8. First stage milling process is to extract the pepper pulp
9. Second stage milling process is to remove the seeds
10. Tasting test
11. Packaging of the tabasco sauce in the glass bottles
Tabasco's company does not need to externalize , it has everything that is necessary to accomplish the production
How is made a lipstick
ReplyDelete-acquisition of all ingredients: oil,wax,pigments
-pigment milling :choose the combination of pigments and mix them with oil
-combination of pigment phase into base wax is simply done mixing those liquids in a steam- jacketed kettle equipped with one agitator
-the liquid is heated and poured into vertical split molds
-resulting lipsticks are cooled down and prepared for flaming
-packaging and labeling the lipsticks
-market distribution
Any phases should be externalized since they require specific and precise steps .
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ReplyDeleteHow COLA is made:
ReplyDeleteFirst of all the bottles get cleaned.This is done by jet streams and water.Coke is bottled using four different steps.Steps are being indicated below:
^Pure water is put in the bottle by a machine.
^After that, refined sugar is added to the mixture.
^Then,the sugar water gets the Coke's secret formula mixture and some caramel coloring.
^After everything is mixed together, carbon dioxide is added to the mix to make the drink fizz.
How is made wine.
ReplyDeleteStages of the wine making process:
-Harvesting, by hand or mechanical. (Externalised)
-Crushing and pressing
Mechanical presses stomp the grapes into what is called must. Must is simply freshly pressed grape juice that contains the skins, seeds, and solids.
-Fermentation
Must can begin fermenting naturally within 6-12 hours when aided with wild yeasts in the air.
-Clarification
Is the process in which solids such as dead yeast cells, tannins, and proteins are removed. Wine is transferred into an oak barrel.
-Aging and Bottling
How is made ketchup
ReplyDelete- tomato paste arrives at the plant in huge bins
- the factory quality control technician scoops sample for testing
- workers slide the bin under a powerful air driven pump
- the pump moves tomato paste to a large holding tank
- tomato paste is transferred from the holding tank to a cooking cauldron
- a mixer continuously revolves while all the ingredients are put inside
- on the packaging line all the plastic bottles are filled and closed with a cup
All the phases are necessary so I wouldn't externalize any of them.
How is made honey
ReplyDelete- all starts with the bees, which impollinate and then deposit the raw honey, then
- the beekeepers take the honey combs inside the hive, then
- the honey extraction process begins within the factory and produces both refined honey and bees' wax.
I think that you could externalize the first 2 steps, in this way you can take raw material (raw honey, honeycombs...) and convert them into refined honey just processing it; obviously in this way you aren't still assured of the quality of the material but you could easily cut down the costs.
how is made hot dogs
ReplyDelete- meat leftovers are trimmed in a specific machinery
- food starch, salt and ground mustard are added in the mix
- water is added in the mix with corn syrup and then more water.
- more flavors are added
- hot dogs are dried and tied in long chains of hot dogs.
- liquide smoke is added to add flavor
- hot dogs are baked
- hot dogs are packaged
none of this phases should be externalized, the entire production method is both very effective and efficient.
How it’s Made Marshmallow Cookies
ReplyDeleteThe main phases of production of these cookies are:
-The making of the dough(cookies)where salt, baking soda, cornstarch, liquid basis, potassium sorbate, vegetable oil, glucose fructose are mixed.
- The making of the marshmallow(not mentioned in the video)
-Pouring of chocolate
I think if this company externalize the process of making the cookie, marshmallow or chocolate, the quality of the cookies will be different and the company will lose its control of production(e.g. amount of the ingredients, temperature of the oven...)
HOW IS MADE COCA COLA ?
ReplyDelete-made the shape of the bottle and they clean them with water
- they prepare the drink with all the ingredients (sugar, colorants) and then they filter it
- they remove air in the bottle and then they fill it with the drink (putting also a little of gas in it)
- they seal with the cap
- they paste the brand
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnkhjwQp0A
ReplyDeleteHOW IS IT MADE FOOTBALL
Phases of production:
1) sew of the football
2) turn the football right side out
3) put the bladder in the football to inflate it
4) lace the football
5) mold it to give it a perfect shape
6) inspectinons and tests to check if the football it's perfect
7) the football is sent to the NFL for the games
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ReplyDeleteIn Blog3 I discussed about "How it's made copy paper". These are its phases of production:
ReplyDelete1. Finding the natural capital (wood)
2. Removing bark from the trunks
3. Burning the bark to produce steel
4. Reducing trunks into small pieces
5. Washing these small pieces to create a strange "paste"
6. Burning this paste
7. Removing water conteined in the paste
8. Cutting the paper produced
How its Made Copy Paper
ReplyDelete1. Wood at the mill, paper is made from a paste.
2. Then they are chopped into kindling.
3. Then it is left outside and washed and turned into paste.
4. The kindling is cooked.
5. After cooking, chlorine dioxide is added to make it white.
6. The paste is broken up and the water is extracted.
7. Then the quality is controlled using machines.
The paste (step 1) can be bought and the rest of the processes can be manufactured by paper factory.
The phases of production of making hot dogs are as follows:
ReplyDelete- First, they should buy all of the ingredients ( pork, beef, chicken, food starch, salt, flavouring, corn syrup, liquid smoke, cold -salty water ), hire workers, get machineries and the workshop.
- Next, trimmings of beef chicken and pork are grounded by pushing the trimmings into greater metal plates.
- After, processed chicken trimmings are added to the ground meat, followed by food starch, salt, and other flavourings.
- Then, water is sprayed into the mix followed by corn syrup and even more water to make hot dogs juicer.
- Another machine then converts the mix into a final motion.
- Then, workers start loading long rolls of cellulose tubing into the stuffing machine giving shape and size to the hot dogs.
- After, chains of hot dogs are attached to other chains to make longer strings and they are placed in the racks. In the racks the hot dogs pass inside smoke shower and cold salty water to prepare them for packaging.
- Then, another machine pulls the strings and starts placing them in other containers sending them to other baskets cutting the black stripes meaning they are ready to be checked by an employee who supervises that hot dogs are perfectly shaped.
- Finally, they pass through another machine that packages them and are ready to be sold.
"How is made acoustic guitar" (Blog 3)
ReplyDelete-Raw Material (wood)
-cut the top into the guitar shape, leaving the piece of wood oversized until the final trimming.The soundhole is sawed, with slots carved around it for concentric circles that serve as decorative inlays around the soundhole.
-Wood braces are next glued to the underside of the top piece
-Construction of the sides consists of cutting and sanding the strips of wood to the proper length and thickness and then softening the wood in water.
-Once the sides are joined and the end-blocks are in place, the top and the back are glued to the sides.
-The neck is made from one piece of hard wood, typically mahogany or rosewood, carved to exact specifications.
-Once the neck construction is completed, it is attached to the body
-The tuning machine is next fitted to the guitar head. This machine is one of the most delicate parts of the guitar and is usually mounted on the back of the head. The pegs that hold each string poke through to the front, and the gears that turn both the pegs and the string-tightening keys are housed in metal casing.
The phase that should be externalize is the acquisition of raw material.
The productive process begins with oranges cultivation. When the fruit is mature, there is the harvest. following we have the transportation of oranges towards the factory. There, at first oranges are washed, then they are separated by size and finally they are squeezed out. when the OJ is ready, there is the imbottlement phase. After all these transformation processes, a team made of experts taste and smell the product to judge it.
ReplyDeleteTo decide which are the externalized phases, we must know who is the owner after the product has been imbottled. If the owner is the farmer, the externalized phases are all those regarding the trasformation of oranges into OJ and the imbottlement. If the owner is the factory the externalized phases are the cultivation, the harvest and maybe the transportation.
HOW ITS MADE BASEBALL
ReplyDelete-inside the pills rubber casing is a sphere of cork
the port latex adhesive
-over hundreds of pills loaded into a drum in order to coat the pills with adhesive
-a winding machine spins 4 layers of wool around pills
-employees measure its circumference
-they added he served to a spinning drum in order to adhere the weld fibers each other
-they punch out figure 8 shapes from leather complete with holes around the
periphery
-the forms are wrapped in wet towels
-the water based adhesive onto one side of the cut-outs which sticks to the moist leather
-two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball
- the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball
- a press smooths down the seams
-a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
I think that externalizing phases could be useless and to much expensive for the company.
HOW ITS MADE BASEBALL
ReplyDelete-inside the pills rubber casing is a sphere of cork
the port latex adhesive
-over hundreds of pills loaded into a drum in order to coat the pills with adhesive
-a winding machine spins 4 layers of wool around pills
-employees measure its circumference
-they added he served to a spinning drum in order to adhere the weld fibers each other
-they punch out figure 8 shapes from leather complete with holes around the
periphery
-the forms are wrapped in wet towels
-the water based adhesive onto one side of the cut-outs which sticks to the moist leather
-two cut-outs are pressed to the centre sticky surface of the ball
- the sewers sew and stitch the leather pieces together around the ball
- a press smooths down the seams
-a three-handed machine gives the balls the trademark, legal logo and the commissioner signature.
I think that externalizing phases could be useless and to much expensive for the company.
How it's made sugar:
ReplyDelete1. The sugar beets are harvested through massive tractors and collected;
2. Beets are sent to be washed in the plants;
3. They are cut in little pieces by a machine;
4. Tons of these pieces go into a boiler that separates the useful parts from the useless ones, through water;
5. While leftovers are used for other purposes, the remaining water has to be cleaned from the elements that would ruin the final flavor, with a filter that conserves the water that will be refined;
6. The water passes through six boilers where it is refined more and more, until it reaches a brown color;
7. It is boiled again creating crystals within the liquid: the sugar
8. Sugar can be so collected and packaged.
I would not externalize any of these processes, because it would be useless and it would require other costs to do that.
How is made soap?
ReplyDelete1.animal or vegetable fat reacts with hydroxide, a caustic substance, to create soap
2.addition of water to keep it fluid --> a steem bubbles up to the center to mix it all up and encourage the chemical reaction
3. the leftovers are put into a tank and re-used in the next batch
4. spry hot liquid soap onto a big metal role
5. it solidifies in a flash and a big blade scrapes creating ribbons of soap
6. big steel rollers mix and compress the soap ribbons, so the soap become dense
7. the soap is pushed to an extruder called a "noodle played" that shapes it into soap noodles
8. then they are dumped into a mixer
9. addition of colour in powder and liquid form
10. steel blades tear it up
11. addition of fragrant oils and the blades toss it up toghether
12. the soap is pushed into a reforming plate, it is modelled and then the soap is ready
I would not externalize any of these processes because they all are strictly necessary to get to the final product.
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ReplyDeleteHow It's made: Electric Guitar
ReplyDelete1) A light wood is selected.(purchased from an external supplier)
2)The wood is cut and planed.
3) The wood is placed into heated room for two months in order to reduce the moisture level.
4)The CNC machine carves the body of the guitar
5) The surface of the wood is finished with a belt sander by the workers.
6) The guitar neck is carved.
7) The truss rod is applied to the neck of the guitar, to compensate the tension of the guitar strings.
8) The fingerboard is applied to the neck, through a press.
9) The CNC machine finalizes the shape of the neck.
10) A 22 blades saw simultaneously cuts very precise lines for 22 frets of the guitar neck.
11) The back of the neck is smoothed with a belt sander.
12) The fret wires are installed, they are made of lead and nickel. (the fret wires are provided by an external supplier)
13) The sides of the neck are passed on a belt sander, trimming off the excess of the fret rounding off the edges of the fingerboard board.
14) A sealant seal the pores of the wood.
15) The wood is painted with 22 coats of lacquer.
16) The wood rests for 2 weeks.
17) The guitar is polished with wax.
18) The higher frets are filed down.
19) The fingerboard is cleaned with mineral oil.
20) A key is turned in the truss rod to straighten out the neck.
21) The 6 tuning keys are inserted. (provided by an external supplier)
22) The bone nut is inserted. (provided by an external supplier)
23) The neck is attached to the body.
24) Control knobs for the volume and tone are welded to the pickup.
25) The pickup is positioned over the bridge. (the bridge and the pick-up are provided by an external supplier)
26) Workers drill holes in the body for installing the bridge. (Bridge provided by an external supplier)
27) The bridge is attached with screws (screws provided by an external supplier)
28) The bridge, the body and the neck pick-ups are installed. (Pickups provided by an external supplier)
29) The steel springs of the tremolo are inserted, (provided by external supplier)
30) Volume and tone knobs and the pick-up selector switch are installed
31) A jack is installed. (Provided by an external supplier)
32) The operation of each pickup is tested.
33) The steel strings are installed. (string are provided by external supplier)
34) The string are wound to the tuning keys.
35) The guitar is tuned with a digital tuner.
1-a polyurethane block is cut
ReplyDelete2-the shape is made to pass under a pressure machine
3-a worker welding a internal shape
4-the mannequin is covered with glue and then pasted limbs
5-It is sprinkled with a particular paint
in my opinion i don't know if it is a good idea to externalize something, infact the organization has everything in and I do not know how it is useful
stainless-steel
ReplyDelete-raw materials such as old steel are collected
-raw materials are poured into a roaring furnace along with chrome and nickel alloys
-enormous electrodes heat to the melting point
-the content goes into a a refining furnace
-more scraps is added to create a chemical reaction to fuel the refiner
-liquid steel is guided from furnace by rollers on long platforms where get little cooler and stretched
-lab steel is rolled as a toilet paper
-steel goes to acid wash
-steel gets stretched again and worked as the customer demands
-steel gets washed one last time
i believe that all the phases of production are made inside the firm, giving nothing in outsource
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HOW IT'S MADE- PAINTBALLS: The main phases.
ReplyDelete1) put water into a giant mixing bowl with a sweetener and a secret combination of food;
2) add the key ingredient: gelatin;
3) melt and mix everything for a half an hour;
4) transfer the gel from the mixer into a filter, to eliminate any globs;
5) lower in a giant blender and pour in food dye and blend for about 20 minutes;
6) Elsewhere in the factory it's used the same method to dye what’s called “the fill” – that’s the “paint” that goes inside the shell of the paintball. It’s made of polyethylene glycol, the same inert liquid used for Cough Syrup, thickened with wax;
7)The gel and the fill meet their maker in what’s known as “the feed room”. Here, the vats of gel and fill feed a softgel encapsulation machine one floor below.
8) First, the machine spreads out the gel onto a cooled drum. This creates a continuous, thin sheet of gel called a “gel ribbon”. This cooling cures the gelatin to the point where it can now be molded into the hollow shell of the ball. The machine presses the gel ribbon into a die with half-circle pockets, each forming one-half of a ball shell.
9) The machine does the next three steps in one shot. It aligns two half-shells together to form a hollow balò, injects the fill, then seals the two half-shells together.
10) they fall down onto a conveyer, then roll into a tumble-dryer to be pre-dried while airborne. From here they’ll go onto a bakery-style rack until they dry out to the carefully controlled amount.
11)The finished paintballs go through an precision automatic counting machine.
I do not think is necessary externalize any phases: each ingredient is accessible to all countries and thanks to a good preparation, all people can do this type of job.
"How is made glass blocks"
ReplyDeleteThe main phases of production of the glass blocks are several:
1) Collecting all the materials for the production (recycled pieces of glass, limestone, soda ash, sand) and portioning each ingredient
2) Mixing the elements and transformation into molten glass
3) Cooling of each part of molten glass, and testing that each block has the weight and size required
I do not think that any of these processes can be externalized to an other industry, since most part of the processes involve the glass being melted, and it would be impossible to transport it
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kecBi27dhjw
ReplyDelete"How it's made yogurt".
1) Inspect the fruit.
2) Turn it into jam.
3) homogenization blending milk and cream together.
4) The mixer goes into fermantation tanks.
5) The factory manufactures yogurt containers on the packaging line.
6) The machines fill the containers with the combination of yogurt and fruit jam.
7) The thin alluminium for the containers cover pass through a printer for the expiry date.
8) The machine hits the alluminium cover on the containers.
9) Finally the machine divide the containers.
If I were a fruit yogurt company director, I would not externalize any step of the production, as all of them are determinant for the company. Indeed the best choice of the fruit and expecially its investigation made by competent workers, all the ingredients carefully selected to make the jam and also the selection and preparation of milk and cream in order to make the yogurt, are all essential steps that make the difference between my company and the others, and therefore must be carried out by the company itself.
How it's made? - LEGO
ReplyDelete1) During the moulding process, plastic is heated to 230-310C so it is the consistency of dough.
2) It is then injected into moulds at a pressure of 25-150 tons, depending on which elemennt is being produced. On average it then takes 5-10 seconds for the elements to cool and be ejected.
3) The moulds used in production are accurate to within five my (=0.005mm) and this accuracy means than only 18 elements in every million products fail to meet the high quality standard.
4) More than 36 billion elements were made(in 2011), equivalent to approximately 68,000 per minute or 1,140 elements every second.
None of these processes should be externalized because the processes are all entirely automated.
how is made wine :
ReplyDelete1)collection of must grapes red or black
2)all the grapes are crushed into juice
3)the fermentation(transforming sugar into alcohol)process occurs together with skin to give color
4)by storing juice for 10 days it turns into red wine
4)
How is Wine made :-
ReplyDelete1) Workers collect grapes from Harvest
2) All the grapes are crsuhed and made into the juice.
3) The juice of crushed grapes will stored in stainless steel tank for fermentation process.
4) the red wine is stored for 10 days and the white wine is stored for 3 weeks.
5) The juice is transfered in to the bottles and Tightly closed by a cork.
I'm not going to externalize even one phases because all of them are quite simple
Phases production of Iphone (I don’t use plastic like blog 3 we an consider it like a raw product and not a final product)
ReplyDelete1)Phase of development design and mechanic (This phase is not external because Apple do it in the headquarter in Cupertino)
2)Phase during they buy external component like screen glass, aluminium cases, plastic components…
3)Phase of production : In China they assemble all components together and they create the iPhone (external phase)
4)Finally the distributions in all the World through retails (external phase)
Phases of production:
ReplyDelete-create the stem of the candle
-color the candle
-engrave the candle
I would not externalize any phases since I think that would cost more for the azienda
How is made: fruit-flavoured yogurt
ReplyDeletePhases:
-discard the fruits
-making jam
-putting water,natural flavouring and stabilizars into to give the jam even consistency,adding colouring and sugar
-heating everything to 60 degrees Celciusm
-pumping out and reheating the ingredients to making the mixture evenly
-adding colouring and fruits
-reheating and mixing again
-heating the jam at a min 80 degrees for an hour to kill all harmful bacteria
-mixing different powder milk products with milk and cream (to prepare the yogurt)
-pasturizing (heating the ingredients (consisting the yogurt only!) at 80 degrees or higher for just half a minute)
-homogenization (in a machine blending milk and cream together)
-fermentation
-packaging
if there are brand new machines helping the homogenization by heating products only once there would be a must to purchase them.
"HOW IT'S MADE KITCHEN KNIVES"
ReplyDeleteproduction steps:
1) Cut the steel sheets
2)Cook the steel pieces and cool them to make steel harder
3) Smooth the corners
4) Sharpen the blades
5) Join handles and blades
The only thing i would externalize is the step one : it would probably be more advantageous to take delivery of already cut steel pieces, In this way the firm wouldn't have to think about wastes of material.
1- Bee keeper smokes the bees
ReplyDelete2- He takes the honey frames
3- Put the frames in a machine who takes the major quantity oh honey
4- Then they take the remaining part of the honey manually
5- Then they put the frames in another machinery in order to take all honey from the cells
6- Smaller frames are cutted manually
7- Collecting the honey in bottels
8- Storage, in case the company has larger amount of honey
9-After botteling they pack the product and it is ready for sale
How are Playing Cards made ? ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsrrMgotapQ )
ReplyDelete1.storing the papers in an appropriate temperature
2.gluing two layers of cards together to make in impossible to see-through.
3.designing the artwork
4.printing a resolution sample to confirm the quality.
5.double checking the cards after printing the samples.
6.printing colors of cards
7.graphic artist designing more details
8.preparing the inks
9.moving the plates through the press
10. moving the sheets through the cutting machine
11. grouping the cards into decks
12. wrapping
How it's made Lego - Phases of production:
ReplyDelete- 14 Silos of different colors pipes up the tiny granules of plastic to melt down and molding them into several toy-shapes.
- A thousand machines making the bricks 24 hours a day
- The machines smelled the granules a 232 C shaking cool down and then spitting them out into the containers below
- When the container is full a robotic car collect and takes it to the stew
- In the vast hall another automated system takes each crate which specified shelf
- The machine spits out 15000 heads and bodies
- A rubber stamp paints heads and bodies in different ways
- The bodies are made and painted just like the hedge
- Then when a cam responses a wrong assembly between head and body of the toy the body is ejected by a plaster to come round again
- Finally bodies and heads are attached to get a complete lego tiny figure
- Up and another part of the factory a designer has got the job thinking up yet another new way to put breaks together
. The boffins have worked on an avereage of 900 millions of combinations
- With a computer which guides the outline, specified designers complete the creation-process in huge warehouses
Video “How it's made- Golf balls”
ReplyDelete- bouncy rubber Is mixed with other chemicals to form a hot mass
- conveyor belt transports the slugs into a compression mold machine
- workers position them to shape and cook. Workers then place over the steel mold a
- Solid golf ball core are now picked up by vacuum
- A robot transports the balls into another mold to form the outside shell
- The ball elevator takes them to the automatic miller to clean the plastic in excess
- A robotic arm takes them to the quality checkpoint and then to the stamping machine that brands each ball
- golfballs are dried
I wouldn't externalize any of the phases, as they don't demand much in time and in money and the only thing that is external is the bouncy rubber.
How "produce laptop keyboard"
ReplyDelete1.Creating Lay out and key caps
2.Pick the switches
3.A keyboad case to submit lay out and caps
4.testing the key board through machine
5.Packed and ready to delivery.
I dont want to externalize. Because it is too hard to do . Basically all the processes are through machineries.